考研资料贴
为了方便要考研的校友，特发此贴，此贴是与司法相关的资料汇集地，不是讨论的贴，只要把你们自己手中有关考研的资料上传到这个贴就好了或者有好的考研的网站也可以提供链接在帖子里，谢谢合作！如果需要讨论，我会另外开一个贴，让大家讨论的！大家对考试与考证这个论坛有什么好的建议可以发信息给我，我会征求大家的意见后进行改进！ 2007年研究生考试初试科目调整为三门教育部日前透露，2007年研究生考试初试科目改革将基础、专业基础两科合并为专业基础综合，初试科目因此调整为三门，即政治理论、外国语、专业基础综合。
据悉，研究生考试改革将率先在教育学、历史学、医学等三个学科门类启动，此后，还将在其他学科门类推进。专业基础综合科目考试为大学本科阶段专业基础课的综合考试，考试内容为进入研究生学习阶段所必备的专业基础知识、基本理论以及相应能力，对三个学科门类的大部分学科专业初试的专业基础综合科目实行统一命题。其中，对教育学、心理学、历史学等三个一级学科各设置一门统一命题科目；医学门类仍设“西医综合”、“中医综合”统一命题科。（记者 姚瑶） 2007年研究生考试三学科初试内容调整
来源：兰州晨报
8月11日，全国硕士研究生统一入学考试部分学科门类初试改革方案出台。据了解，2007年将率先对教育学、历史学、医学三个学科门类的初试科目和内容进行调整。
此次调整方案将三大门类初试科目改为三门，即政治理论、外国语、专业基础综合。各科目的满分值仍各为100分，专业基础综合科目满分值为300分。在考试内容方面，确定专业基础综合科目考试为大学本科阶段专业基础课的综合考试。
在命题方式上，对三个学科门类的大部分学科专业初试的专业基础综合科目实行统一命题。其中，对教育学、心理学、历史学等三个一级学科各设置一门统一命题科目，医学门类仍设“西医综合”、“中医综合”统一命题科目。
三个学科门类中的体育学、考古学与博物馆学、口腔医学、公共卫生与预防医学、药学、中药学等学科专业，其专业基础综合科目可选用统一命题，也可由招生单位根据总体要求另行设置科目并自行命题，提倡招生单位之间联合命题。(记者 李雪萍) 每天保证一定的阅读量 考研英语阅读理解备考指南
来源：考研教育网
考研英语阅读理解部分是4篇阅读，每篇5道题，总分值是40分。这部分阅读的基本分最少要得24分，才能保证达到及格线，高分同学能拿到32分——36分。其实阅读的重要性不用再重复，就是整个英语试卷的半壁江山。这部分是平时要重点练习的。
单词是阅读的基础，如果你的单词量很小，那很可能成为你做阅读时的瓶颈。虽然阅读允许有少量的生词，并且不知道词义也不影响理解，但是如果因为单词不认识影响了你的阅读，我觉得这时首要的任务是加大单词量。单词是可以在短期内突击的，花半个月集中突击单词，对后面加强阅读训练会有很大的好处。
每天保证一定的阅读量是提高阅读的好方法。这个阅读量可以是做一些考研阅读理解的题目，比如新东方的阅读理解，人大张锦新的新教程，我觉得都不错。另外，最好是多做真题，至少也要做3遍以上。真题里的生词都要记住，常考题型都要熟悉，长难句都要弄清楚。每天可以做1单元的阅读专项练习，一般4篇就够了，数量不在多，关键在质量，每篇都要弄明白，包括结构、句型、中心思想等等；每一题都要明白选择的原因、错的原因。这样才是有长进的，不能做完就搁置不管，那样做再多也没有效果。
除了做专项阅读练习，最好是每天花1小时时间看看英文报纸、杂志，主要是为了增强语感、了解外国文化背景和扩大阅读范围。每年的阅读真题都是从一些外国的报纸摘录下来的，比如：经济类文章主要来源：The Economist（经济学家），Business Week（商业周刊），Wall Street Journal（华尔街杂志）；科学技术类文章主要来源：Nature（自然），Discovery（探索），Science（科学），National Geographic（国家地理），Scientific American（科学美国人），New Scientists（新科学家）；社会生活以及文化类文章主要来源：Newsweek（新闻周刊），Times（时代周刊），U.S News and World Report（美国新闻与世界报道），The Washington Post（华盛顿邮报），USA Today（今日美国），The Times（泰晤士报），The Guardian（卫报），和[url]www.usnews.com[/url]（美国新闻在线）；其它来源：Independent（独立日报），International Herald Tribune（国际先驱论坛），Telegraph（英国电信日报）。考研阅读理解80%以上的文章来自于The Economist（经济学家），Newsweek（新闻周刊），Times（时代周刊）以及U.S News and World Report（美国新闻与世界报道）四本杂志。所以这些都是最好的考研阅读的课后阅读材料。如果买不到这些杂志，可以经常看看国际广播电台的英语新闻和一些外国网站。
考研阅读里的句子都很长很拗口，常常有这样的体会：有时一句话里即使所有单词都认识也不懂整句话是什么意思。这主要是不清楚句子的结构，所以碰到长难句的时候，要分析清楚句子结构。先把从句划分出去不管，找出主句来，再把主句里的修饰语划分出去，找到最核心的主语、谓语、宾语。最后再把这些修饰语和从句放进去。这样就能理解这个长句是什么意思了。
阅读理解题的出题也是有一些规律的，大致题型就是那几类。做的时候要分清楚它的类型，有针对性地去解答。比如：对于句子理解题，返回原文找到这个句子，将原句的结构、语法、语义都好好分析分析，不仅仅看字面意思，还要看看这句的上下句，有时句子是有喻义的，联系上下文还能很好地明白；对于主旨题，主要是纵观整体，理解文章整体的行文思路，对短文整体理解有一定的概括能力；对于态度题，那就要体会作者的观点、态度，从文中一些细节的词来体会，千万不要搀杂自己的感情色彩。
考研英语阅读有自己很明显的特点，这些通过真题是可以了解的，而且真题也是最好的材料，多研究真题，再加上平时多训练，一定能轻松过关的。 在阅读练习中复习 如何攻克考研英语词汇难关
来源：考研教育网
词汇是语言的基本元素，词汇量小就读不懂阅读，写不出文章。因此，背单词是学英语关键的一步。考研英语难，考研词汇更是一道难关，虽然考研不再单独地考词汇题，但是从阅读、写作多方面考查对词汇的运用，也就是说只有真正掌握了才能考出好成绩。
表面上看，大家对考研词汇似乎并不陌生，在准备四六级考试的时候背过相同的英语单词，而且大纲上考研词汇不到6千，以至于大家有错觉认为考研单词也是a piece of cake.但四六级考试的词汇，基本上只考查单词一个本义而已。考研英语不然，考纲中六千单词，只是一个个光秃秃的英语单词。连词性都没有，更不用说汉语释义的。那就多得不是一点儿了。背完单词经常会碰到这些情况：翻开书什么单词都认识，词义也知道，但是一合上书本，就什么都不知道了；做听力、阅读、英语知识运用题仍然会觉得很吃力，看着眼熟却想不起意思；做翻译题还是有许多词，心中大致知道其义，却不知该如何用汉语表达出来；写作能够用的词汇，更是捉襟见肘，不用说用词准确地道，就连找到一个马虎能应付的词来完成表达都不容易。这最根本原因是大家在学习单词的时候，只片面地追求每天背单词的数量，没有从真正意义上掌握单词。要想解决这些问题，必须做到以下几点：
背单词要做好学习计划
考试大纲上虽然有词汇表，但是没有释义，所以用起来比较困难。首先要选一本好的词汇书。我觉得比较好的有三本，高教出版的词汇书、俞敏洪的词汇和星火的考研词汇。高教的比较简洁，只有单词的词性、汉语意思；俞敏洪的记忆方法比较好用，特别是词根词汇记忆；星火的很好，也是按词缀记忆的，但是内容比较多，时间足够的话用这本不错。然后静下心来做一个规划，将单词的学习任务列下来，计算一下能够分配给英语词汇的学习时间，计划好每天应该完成的任务量，每日的任务必须当日完成。
抗遗忘唯一的办法就是重复
背过单词的同学都应该深有体会，背单词之所以痛苦就是记不住，背了就忘了，背得越多忘得越多，而且还越记不准，经常张冠李戴。遗忘是人脑的身体机能，抗遗忘唯一的办法就是重复。背一遍记不住，背两遍还是忘，背三遍就能认得了，背四遍可能就不会忘了。开始背单词的时候不要一味地追求量，更需要反复地复习。比如今天的任务是背50个单词，明天任务开始的时候花几分钟复习一遍昨天的，后天再复习前两天的，这样，记忆效果比完全遗忘了重新背要好得多。所以背单词要特别重视及时复习。
要全面地理解、掌握单词
只有真正理解、掌握了单词，才能再熟练、准确地运用、使用，这一点是非常重要的。对于单词，不仅要学会其基本词义，还要能够拼写，知道它的语法特点、习惯搭配以及语体色彩等，特别是重点词汇。考研英语不只记一个单词的一个词义和一种用法就足够，而它要求的是全面了解这个词的词义，也就是常说的一词多义和一词多用。这样做起题来才不会捉襟见肘、处处被动。认词是掌握词汇最基本的要求，对于考研来说，光是知道一个词的词义是远远不够的，还必须知道这个词与其他词，尤其是其同义词和近义词的区别；光背基本词汇和基本用法是远远不够的，还要把它的特殊用法和固定搭配作为背记的重点。语言的运用是灵活的，如果只是机械地背单词、用单词也是不够的，在做实际题目时一定要考虑语境。
在阅读练习中复习和检测
单词是要运用于语言之中的，所以英语单词的学习不是孤立的，一定要结合阅读文章或其他各种题型习题的练习来加深理解和掌握程度。因为通过阅读理解，可以学习单词在具体语言环境中的功用及其意义的活用，特别是考研真题的阅读，一篇阅读理解文章一般有400词左右，其中会包括20个左右的考研核心词汇，做完阅读理解试题后，将那些核心词汇找出来，仔细体会它们的意义和用法是最好的词汇巩固方法，而且通过阅读来记忆词汇是最好的词汇记忆方法。背单词和阅读练习是紧密联系在一起的，我们只有主动地去学习和体会单词的用法，才能真正将单词学会记牢，才能更深层次地掌握。 不做考研的奴隶 写给第二次参加考研的朋友们
来源：考研教育网
对于考研，“第二次”总是有些尴尬。
一方面，对于考研的各个环节已经烂熟，可以滔滔不绝地讲给下一届的学弟学妹；另一方面，自己又成了没有“名分”的“校漂一族”，再也不能理直气壮地说自己的本职就是学习了。
你的同学中有些可能已经一战功成，踌躇满志地等待研究生生活；有些可能已经签下了工作，盘算着将来的职场生涯。在毕业典礼上、在散伙饭上，你心里想的是下半年的再次考研和未知的将来……
作为一个第三次才考上的“老人”，我深刻体会过那种坚强和脆弱揉杂的再次备考。我想在此谈谈自己备考中的一些感触，希望这些想法能够帮助各位在第二次考研中取胜！
第二次，不丢人
有的人可能觉得第一次没有考上很丢人，自己很笨。其实很多著名人士都是考了很多回的，我们仅仅失败了一两回没什么大不了。
丘吉尔考了三回才考上军校，但后来是著名的首相，二战中的三巨头；俞敏洪考了三回才考上北大，后来又屡屡受挫，但你看现在新东方如何？马云考了三回还没考上大本，仅仅上了个大专，但现在“阿里巴巴”是否风生水起？
所以，我们可以阿Q一点：咱们要是两回就考上研究生，那将来要多有前途呀！至少要比那三个名人强吧？“王侯将相宁有种乎？”
当然，这有些玩笑成分。不过三回考学的经历绝对磨练了他们的意志，使得他们在将来的日子里能够愈挫愈强，终于达成了后来的辉煌。我们现在所受的磨难其实也正是将来成功的必要准备。
难得的冰封时间
校漂的考研者过的是一种非正常的生活，最关键的是没有“名分”，找不到自己的位置。说是学生吧，其实已经毕业了；说不是学生吧，我们每天还在学习，还没有工作。有半年多的时间要把自己封闭在校园里，游走在各个教室、食堂、自己的住所之间，想一下就觉得恍恍惚惚的。
但其实，这是我们难得的“冰封时间”。试想没有规定必须要去上的课，没有老师留作业，可以说没有什么干扰，一切学习计划都自己定，半年多的时间完全用来应对一个目标。这本身就是一个难得的经历。很多名人都是经历了一段“冰封”的，比如余秋雨、季羡林老先生等，他们都有一段时间完全封闭地认真学习，为将来的成就打下了坚实的基础。我们正应该好好利用这半年多的日子，把考研的知识认认真真地钻研一下，把它们都搞明白，不仅仅为了考试，也为了自己实实在在地学点东西。
不做考研的奴隶
我们学英语，如果仅仅钻营做题技巧，那就成了考试的奴隶。我们平时为了应付大大小小的考试，可能没有时间静心看点有深度的书。而考研英语阅读里有很多讲科技、经济、伦理、社会问题的文章，那里面的知识、思想都是我们备考中的“赠品”，正好可以借着做题而提高自己的综合素质。
还有政治，如果我们仅仅死记硬背，就算把书都装进脑子也就是个书袋子。我们在学的时候，可以体会下哲学的辨证、政治经济学的严谨，看看中国近代风云变幻，了解一下现在的时代潮流。从中形成一些自己的思想观点。
这样即使我们考分不高，我们也学到了很多东西。而实际上如果我们真的认真思考了所学的知识，考研也就不在话下了。
面对可能的再次失败
再次考研的各位朋友，因为已经经历过一次失败，对成功的渴望可能更加强烈。但每年一百多万人的考研大军里注定大部分人失望而归。我们将如何面对将来可能的失败呢？再次失败后，是否工作更加难找呢？
至于将来的工作，我想那是我们无法把握的东西。也许我们山穷水尽之时就突然碰到了一个好的工作机会。当然，也许我们会倍感艰辛。此时我们决不应该抱怨自己当初的选择，既然是我们自己认真思考决定了再次考研，我们就应当承受它带来的风险。
当然，再次失败后还有人可能会像我一样进行了第三次考研，这必然是要面对更大的风险的。我希望大家冷静思考。
最后，送大家两句话。
先是套用老罗的一句：考研考的是你的毅力和体力，不是智力——又不是叫你写诗，你怕什么？
还有李开复的一句：坚持是一种美德，放弃何尝不是一种智慧。重要的是能够分辨什么应该坚持，什么应该放弃。最好是做到：为兴趣而坚持，不因困难而放弃。
祝各位明年迎来一个美好的春天！
作者简介：
张松，2006年参加了法律硕士联考，报考学校为北京大学。初试成绩357分（政治64，英语59，专业课129，综合课105），初试排名271，经复试后总成绩排名101（笔试85分，听力1.9）。现已录取。 考研必看：大纲修订专家解读2007年专业课变革
来源：中国青年报
近日，2007年研究生入学考试专业课大纲已相继面世。与往年相比，今年专业课大纲的改革幅度较大，许多考生对于这种变革感到措手不及。为此，笔者采访了部分参与了2007年研究生入学考试专业课大纲修订的专家，希望通过专家的深度解读消除广大考生心中的疑惑，从而有效地备战2007年的研究生考试。
三大方面的改革
从新大纲来看，2007年研究生考试专业课大纲的变化可归纳为三大点：
第一，全国硕士研究生统一入学考试教育学、历史学和医学三类学科的初试科目将由4门调整为3门，其中政治理论和外国语不变，两门专业课考试将合并为一门专业基础综合考试。
第二，这三个学科门类初试中的部分学科基础科目或专业综合科目考试将由以往各研招单位自主命题、自主阅卷调整为全国统一命题、统一考试。其中，这三个学科门类中的体育学、口腔医学、中药学等学科专业，其专业基础综合科目可选用统一命题，也可由招生单位根据总体要求另行设置科目并自行命题。
第三，调整后的专业基础综合科目满分值变为300分，考试时间为180分钟。
改革对于考生：利大于弊
改革到底对考生有利还是不利？专家们发表了自己的看法。
专家认为，改革对考生非常有利，集中体现在以下几点：第一，统考大量节约了命题成本、阅卷成本、保密成本；第二，统考能给出一个比较客观的标准，来统一地选拔这个专业的人才，避免了以前每个院校、每个专业自己命题，筛选出来的人才水平不一样；第三，统考可以为广大考生提供一个公开、公平、公正的竞争环境，因为以前跨专业考研跟本专业相比，难度相当大，现在将会相差无几。同时，改革避免了很多院校因自己命题、自己阅卷、自己招生而可能产生的暗箱操作，避免了招生考试腐败。
至于跨专业考生，专家认为改革利弊兼有，因为无论是本专业还是跨专业，今年这三个门类的考生都要以教育部考试中心颁布的专业课考试大纲进行重新学习与认识，这对于跨专业考试的同学相对更公平。
其不利之处在于，全国考生都用一张试卷来考核，考分自然会水涨船高，竞争压力自然会大，该学科的考试热度也会增加。
复试会改革吗？
“今年改革的特点之一就是实质上加大了复试的权重。”专家这样表示。据他们预测，在2007年的复试过程中，这三个学科门类的复试难度会有所提高。不同的二级学科会在复试中增加个性化的考核，不同院校的不同二级学科在复试中加试的科目也不同，这样无疑会增加复试的难度，所以考生要把备考状态持续到复试结束。
考生需要注意的事项
由于教育学、历史学和医学三个学科门类是第一年改革，因此很多问题都是以前考生没有注意到的。在此，专家们提醒考生注意以下几点：
第一，有些专业很特殊，是否统考需要向报考学校确认。比如北师大教育学院的教育经济与管理专业，因为是它在管理学一级学科下面开设的，部分院校在以往的研究生招生当中，既可以按照管理学考核，也可以按照教育学科目进行考查。
第二，新大纲里并没有指定专业教材，而且高教出版社也没有出专门的教材，所以，广大考生除参考一些考研辅导班研发的参考书外，可多阅读一些本学科的通用教材和经典书目。
第三，广大考生不能因为统考就忽视报考学校的历年真题，因为历年真题所反映的是该院系在学术上关注的问题，这在复试中都可能出现。（实习生 赵欣） 第一章 应用文写作
推荐信1
结构要点：
推荐信是向收信人推荐某人做某事的信件，一般分为三个部分：
1.指出被推荐的人及推荐的原因；
2.介绍被推荐人的情况；
3.总结说明被推荐人值得被推荐(例如能胜任工作)。
Directions 1
Suppose you have been a private tutor of Mr. Wangs daughter for two years. But now you are going to graduate and so you recommend your friend Lily who is a sophomore to take the place of you. Write a letter to Mr. Wang in about 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of your letter, using Li Ming
instead.
Sample:
Dear Mr. Wang,
I am very sorry to tell you that I am going to graduate this June and cannot go on with my job as a tutor of your daughter. It has really been a pleasant experience to teach your daughter English as she is such a lovely and smart girl. Here I take great pleasure in recommending to you my friend Lily who is a sophomore majoring in English in my university. She is particularly willing to take the parttime job of an English tutor when she knows about your daughter.
Lily is an excellent student. Especially her spoken English is both fluent and proficient, which can positively influence the person speaking with her. Moreover, as a lively, cheerful and easygoing girl, she is good at communicating with others.
Therefore, I am confident that she is highly competent for the job and will help your daughter make further progress in English.
Sincerely yours,
Li Ming
推荐信 2
语言注意点:
推荐信应多写被推荐人的优点，肯定其成绩。但内容应真实可信，语言热情得体。切忌夸大其实。
Directions:2
You are asked to write a letter of recommendation for Miss Liu Ming who wants to study for the Masters Degree under the supervision of Professor Smith who was once your supervisor in your graduate study. Write a letter to Prof. Smith in about 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of your letter, using Li
Ming instead.
Sample:
Dear Prof. Smith,
It has always been a great pleasure to write to you since I can never fail to get help, inspiration or enlightenment from you. Now I am writing to recommend to you Miss Liu Ming who wants to pursue her graduate study for the Master’s Degree under your supervision.
Miss Liu Ming was one of my classmates in Tianjin University. She was one of the most excellent students in our university as can be seen from her straight A grades on all subjects. After graduation she worked in Tianyi Biological Company for three years, which considerably added to her practical experience.
It is my belief that with her intelligence, diligence and rich experience, Miss Liu Ming has great potential for further development in the field of pharmacology both theoretically and practically. Therefore, I recommend her to you with no reservations.
Faithfully yours,
Li Ming
建议信 1
结构要点：
建议信是建议收信人采取某种行动的信件，一般分为三个部分：
1. 说明建议的内容；
2. 提出建议的原因；
3. 指出采纳建议的益处。
Directions3
Suppose one of your friends is going on a selftour in your hometown. Write a letter in about 100 words to make a suggestion to him/her. Do not sign your own name at the end of your letter, using Li Ming instead.
Sample:
Dear Mary,
Glad to hear from you. You have made a right decision to travel in my hometown, Sichuan because it is a place with picturesque scenery.
Selftour is always my favorite, too, as it gives me more freedom to choose the beauty spots and arrange the tour. To you, a campinglover, I highly recommend the Ice Mountain in Songpan County. First, you can directly go there by bus from Chengdu or Mianyang. The accommodation in Songpan is very convenient since there are quite a lot of private hotels with clean rooms at low price. Then you can hire a guide who will prepare a horse, a tent and some other things for you. After that, you will visit the beautiful scenery on horseback by following the guide during the day and enjoy camping at night. My journey there last July has really brought me great pleasure and unforgettable memory.
Wish you a happy tour.
Yours ever,
Li Ming
建议信2
语言注意点:
这类信可写给认识的人，也可写给不认识的人。内容与模式都比较灵活。但总地来说，应言辞恳切，理由充分。
directions4
Suppose one of your friends is going to take the CET6 and asks you for suggestions on how to make preparation. Write a letter in about 100 words to him/her. Do not sign your own name at the end of your letter, using Li Ming instead.
Sample:
Dear Helen,
What a surprise it is that you are going to take this June’s CET6 since you are only a freshman in Fudan University! Anyway, your courage and efforts are worth praise.
To get fully prepared for the test, I think, you need to first enlarge your vocabulary, which is the basis of all parts. Second, you need more exercises, especially exercises of reading comprehension, in order to improve your test skills. Then you should practise writing constantly. You can email your compositions to me and I will correct them for you in time.
In a word, every effort is rewarding. I am looking forward to your success.
Best wishes.
Yours,
Li Ming
求职信1
结构要点:
求职信是申请具体职位的信件，包括下列三个部分：
1. 说明应聘职位；
2. 介绍自身情况；
3. 请求回复并表示感谢。
directions5
Write a letter in about 100 words to a high school to apply for a teaching position. Do not sign your own name at the end of your letter, using Li Ming instead.
Sample:
Dear Sir,
I am writing to apply for the position as an English teacher that you recently advertised in Sichuan Daily. I take keen interest in the post because I find that my major and experiences well meet the requirements you stated in the advertisement.
Being interested in English teaching, I pursued my graduate study in the direction of teaching methodology in Sichuan International Studies University, and got a Master’s Degree in 2003. I was a top student through the three academic years, as can be shown in the enclosed resume and reports. After graduation, I ever taught English in a Xi’an high school. As Sichuan is my hometown I love very much, I have decided to move back and so I venture to apply for the position in your school.
If I were favored with an interview, I would be most grateful. Please contact me at 13573889787. Thank you for your consideration.
Best wishes.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
求职信2
语言注意点:
求职信不同于简历。在介绍自己情况时，不可面面俱到，否则篇幅过长，反而不易得到重视。应重点突出与所应聘职位相关的自己的特点及特长。语言要有礼貌，要能体现出诚恳的态度和对工作的渴求。
Directions6
Suppose you are going to graduate from Shanghai University. Write a letter in about 100 words to a company to apply for a post of salesman. Do not sign your own name at the end of your letter, using Li Ming instead.
Sample:
Dear Sir,
Keenly interested I am in the post of salesman you have advertised on the job market because I think my major, marketing, and my practical experience particularly match your requirements of the post.
I will graduate from Shanghai University this June and get a B.A. degree. I have always been one of the top ten students in my class. I got excellent grades in not only required subjects but also optional courses such as economics, statistics and Chinese literature. Besides, I have passed CET6 with a mark over 80. Moreover, during the four years, I took an active part in all kinds of practices of sale promotion, which greatly added to my experience in marketing and interpersonal communication. In a word, I am confident that I qualify for the post.
If my application were taken into favorable consideration, I would be most grateful. I am looking forward to your early reply.
Enclosed are my score reports and resume.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
感谢信1
结构要点:
感谢信是就某事向收信人表示感谢的信件，分为三个部分：
1. 指出对方帮助自己的事情，表示感谢；
2. 展开叙述这件事；
3. 再次感谢，并可表示希望回报对方。
Directions 7
Suppose you were taken good care of by Doctor Liu when you were in hospital. Write a letter in about 100 words to him to show your gratitude. Do not sign your own name at the end of your letter, using Li Ming instead.
Sample:
Dear Doctor Liu,
It is a great pleasure to extend my sincere thanks to you for your careful treatment and attendance when I was in hospital this March.
On that night, I got acute appendicitis and was sent to your hospital by my roommates. Yet I was very lucky to have you, an experienced and skillful doctor, on duty. You immediately diagnosed my disease, hospitalized me and arranged a timely operation for me. In the following days you took good care of me and talked to me from time to time to release my pain.
It was all because of your attendance and perfect professional skills that I could recover so soon. Therefore, thank you again and I wish I would have the chance to pay you back for all your kindness.
Yours faithfully,
Li Ming
感谢信2
语言注意点:
感谢信应充分表达自己的谢意，切不可给对方草率的印象。可借助谈对方的帮助来进一步表达感激之情。言辞应真挚、得体。
Directions 8
Suppose your friend lent you a book and gave you some suggestions when you made preparations for CET6. Write a letter in about 100 words to show your gratitude. Do not sign your own name at the end of your letter, using Li Ming instead.
Sample:
Dear Sherry,
My thanks to you for your help with my preparations for the CET6 are beyond words.
Originally I only wanted to ask you for some advice on the coming test, as you were so good at English. But to my surprise, you gave more help to me than I had ever expected. You not only wrote down ten suggestions for me but also showed me how I could arrange my time and what I should do in each month before the test. Besides, you lent me the book I needed very much when you learned that I had not yet got it. It was really kind and considerate of you.
Your unreserved help enabled me to make efficient preparations and at last encouraged me to pass the test. So I would like to extend my heartfelt gratitude again.
Yours faithfully,
Li Ming
致歉信1
结构要点:
致歉信是向收信人表示歉意的信件，包括三个部分：
1. 说明为何事而致歉；
2. 解释造成过失或不能履约的原因；
3. 再次致歉或提出解决方案。
Directions 9
Suppose you cannot attend your sisters graduation ceremony as expected for some reason. Write a letter in about 100 words to make an apology to her. Do not sign your own name at the end of your letter, using Li Ming instead.
Sample:
Dear Linda,
Kindly excuse me for my not being able to attend your graduation ceremony next Wednesday as I have promised.
You know, there will be a meeting of great importance to my company next week in Nanjing. But the person who was originally appointed to it is now seriously ill in hospital. And I have been asked to take his place to attend the meeting and make a speech on behalf of my company. On the one hand, it is a task assigned by my boss out of his trust in me. On the other hand, I do regard it as an opportunity to both display and enhance my abilities. So I am afraid I cannot be present at your graduation ceremony.
Though I have decided to send you a gift to celebrate your graduation, I really regret that I cannot give you my sincere congratulations on the spot, for I know any gift can never parallel a warm word spoken personally by a family member. I do feel terribly sorry. Please forgive me.
Cordially,
Li Ming
致歉信2
语言注意点:
致歉信必须写得坦诚，表达出真心的歉意。
Directions 10
Suppose you have accepted Mr. Zhangs invitation to dinner, but you have to change your plan for some reason. Write a letter in about 100 words to make an apology to him. Do not sign your own name at the end of your letter, using Li Ming instead.
Sample:
Dear Mr. Zhang,
It was very kind of you to invite me to dinner in your house the day after tomorrow and I originally accepted it with great pleasure. But now, much to my regret that I may not be able to keep my promise because my sister was injured in a car accident and I must look after her in the hospital for several days.
The accident happened suddenly and all my family are now busy dealing with it and caring for my sister. So I don’t think I will have the time to go to the dinner and even if I go, I am afraid I will hardly be in a cheerful mood, which may spoil the party.
I am very sorry for that and really regret that I would miss such an excellent chance of enjoying the perfect dishes with friends. Besides, please give my regards to Mr. and Mrs. Rogers when they come to dinner.
Sincerely yours,
Li Ming
祝贺信1
结构要点:
祝贺信是由于某种原因向收信人道贺的信件，一般包含三个部分：
1. 点明要祝贺的事情，并向对方道贺；
2. 详述祝贺的事情；
3. 再次祝贺。
Directions 11
Suppose your friend Ellen is going to graduate from Fudan University and get a Masters Degree. Write a letter in about 100 words to congratulate her. Do not sign your own name at the end of your letter, using Li Ming instead.
Sample:
Dear Ellen,
How delighted I am when I hear that you are going to graduate from Fudan University and get a Master’s Degree! Though I cannot go to Shanghai to join in the celebration of your graduation owing to the long distance between the two cities, yet I wish to express my most earnest and ardent congratulations through this letter.
For years you have made unremitting efforts in your specialized field and your diligence and intelligence at last win you honor. I am not only happy for but also proud of you from the bottom of my heart.
I believe as an upandcoming person, you will use your head and hands to develop your career to a higher level after the graduation.
May you achieve greater success in the future.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
祝贺信2
语言注意点:
祝贺信除了向对方道贺以外，还可表达祝福、期望等。语言应热情洋溢，满怀喜悦。
Directions 12
Suppose your friend Mr. Zhao has recently got a promotion. Write a letter in about 100 words to congratulate him. Do not sign your own name at the end of your letter, using Li Ming instead.
Sample:
Dear Mr. Zhao,
I am extremely glad to hear that you have got a promotion in your company. Congratulations!
It is excellent of you to get a promotion, for after all you have just been in the company for six months. As we all know, you are always a both hardworking and creative person, which is essential to achieve your goals in work. Moreover, your strong sense of responsibility enables you to win trust from people around you and thus win yourself various opportunities. I think that is why you can make achievements in such a short time.
There is no doubt that you deserve the promotion. Having you as a friend, I really feel both proud and lucky because I can often learn so much from you.
Best wishes.
Yours faithfully,
Li Ming
邀请信1
结构要点:
邀请信是邀请收信人参加某项活动的书信，包含三个方面：
1. 邀请对方参加活动的内容、时间和地点；
2. 与该活动有关的注意事项；
3. 期待对方接受邀请，并可表示感谢。
Directions 13
Write a letter to one of your high school classmates who is in a nearby city, and invite him/her to your city at this weekend. Some necessary details must be included. Do not sign your own name at the end of your letter, using “Li Ming” instead.
Sample:
Dear Linda,
We haven’t seen each other for six years after graduation. I am so glad to hear that you have graduated from UCLA and come back to work in Suzhou. If you are free this Saturday, please come to Shanghai and have a good time with me.
We can first go to the Century Park, where the flowers are all in blossom. Let’s go boating on the lake —isn’t it pleasant in the cool breeze? Then I will treat you to dinner at a western restaurant on Huaihai Road—it is small but really nice—I’m sure you will enjoy it. After dinner, let’s go to a concert—you are a music lover, aren’t you?
If you couldn’t come, please notify me before Friday. If you can, please tell me which train you will take and I will meet you at the railway station.
I am looking forward to meeting you.
Sincerely yours,
Li Ming
邀请信2
语言注意点:
邀请信叙事一定要清楚、明白。如写给朋友，可选用活泼、真诚的言辞；如写给长辈、上级、名人等，则语言应正式、礼貌。
Directions 14
Write a letter to invite a famous professor to give a lecture to the English postgraduate students in your university. Some necessary details must be included. Do not sign your own name at the end of your letter, using “Li Ming” instead.
Sample:
Dear Professor Michael Hutchison,
We are very glad to hear that you are attending an international conference in Beijing. We are writing this letter to inquiry the possibility of inviting you to deliver a lecture on American literature for our postgraduate students on the evening of June 16.
We have long been noticed that you have done a lot of substantial and creative work in this field. Two of your books have become textbooks for our students for several years. So all of us believe your lecture will benefit our students and teaching staff alike.
If you can manage to come, please tell us the number of your flight and we will meet you at the airport. If you can’t make it, please also let us know.
We are looking forward to your coming.
Sincerely yours,
Li Ming
投诉信1
结构要点:
投诉信是对产品或服务表示不满的信件，一般分三个部分：
1. 提出投诉内容；
2. 说明具体情况；
3. 提出解决办法。
Directions 15
Suppose that you ordered a television but later found that it has worrying problems. Write a letter of complaint to describe the matter and require settlement. Do not sign your own name at the end of your letter, using “Li Ming” instead.
Sample:
Dear Sir,
The television I ordered from your store arrived on time last Friday, but only three days later I found it could not work properly.
On Tuesday evening, when I turned on the television, I was surprised to find that it became a blackandwhite television—all of the other colors were simply gone. What made matters worse, the remote control was also out of order. I dialed your service number for several times, but the line was always busy.
This problem has affected our normal life. Can you get it repaired as soon as possible? Thank you for your consideration.
I am looking forward to your early reply.
Yours faithfully,
Li Ming
投诉信2
语言注意点:
投诉信应重点表明投诉的原因，叙事应客观、准确、简洁。最后提出的解决方法应切实可行。在表达自己的不满时，语言要把握分寸，不失风度。
Directions 16
Write a letter to complain about an unhappy experience in about 100 words to describe the matter and ask for the mistake to be corrected. Do not sign your own name at the end of your letter, using “Li Ming” instead.
Sample:
Dear Sir,
I am writing to you about a most unhappy experience. Last Tuesday morning, we took a longroute bus of your company from Dukou to Lijiang. The bus was scheduled to arrive in Lijiang at 7 o’clock in the evening, but it stopped midway at four p.m. for mechanical problems. The driver and the ticket seller could neither solve the problem by themselves nor seek help from others.
Where we stopped was nowhere near a village. Up until 8 o’clock, another bus finally carried us to a shabby rural motel. We had to pay for our accommodation. The room was too small and the quilt was so dirty. To our surprise, when we just managed to sleep at around 2 a.m., the driver came to wake us up—the bus had been fixed!
I suggest that you look into this matter immediately and deal with it quickly and properly.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Ming
询问信1
结构要点:
询问信是希望获取信息的信件，分为三个部分：
1. 说明自己的计划或目的，也就是询问信息的原因；
2. 征询具体信息；
3. 期待回复并表示感谢。
Directions 17
Write a letter inquiring about a hotel. Some necessary details must be included. Do not sign your own name at the end of your letter, using “Li Ming” instead.
Sample:
Dear Mr. Guo,
I am going to visit Songpan on July 30 and wish to stay at your hotel. My friend has just come back and warmly recommended it to me.
My wife and I want to go horse trekking with the Happy Trails Horse Team. We will choose to go to the Ice Mountain, so it will take four days. We want a double room with a private bath for two nights, July 30 and August 3.
Would you please tell us whether we could have such a room and how much it will cost us?
I am looking forward to your reply.
Sincerely yours,
Li Ming
询问信2
语言注意点:
询问信应语言简洁、清晰，无歧义。语气礼貌、恳切。
Directions 18
You are a tourist and you want to experience a new way of traveling. Write a letter inquiring about such a traveling program. Some necessary details must be included. Do not sign your own name at the end of your letter, using “Li Ming” instead.
Sample:
Dear Mr. Guo Chang,
My wife and I have read in the traveling book Lonely Planet about your Happy Trails Horse Team. We are very much interested in going horse trekking with your team.
We want to choose the Ice Mountain route, which will take four days, from July 31 to August 3. What should we take with us? Will the guides provide accommodation for us? How much will the tour cost each of us?
We will reach Songpan on the afternoon of July 30 at about 5 o’clock. I hope it will not be too late when we arrive at your team.
I am looking forward to your early reply.
Sincerely yours,
Li Ming
介绍信1
结构要点:
介绍信是向收信人介绍某人的信件，包含三个部分：
1. 说明被介绍人的身份；
2. 提出希望收信人做的事情；
3. 如果是请收信人关照被介绍人，表示感谢；如果是请收信人与被介绍人共同工作，则对合作表示乐观。
Directions 19
Suppose that your friend is going to stay at a big city. Write a letter in about 100 words to introduce her to a friend there. Do not sign your own name at the end of your letter, using “Li Ming” instead.
Sample:
Dear Linda,
I want to introduce to you the bearer of this letter, Helen Herbert, who is a diligent and intelligent scholar just like you. She will attend an international conference on economics from August 27 through August 30 at the ShangriLa Hotel of your city.
She will have no problem with her accommodation. I am sure a talk will benefit both of you a lot. I have given your mobile phone number to her, and I hope it will not cause any inconvenience for you.
Thank you for your kindness and consideration.
Sincerely yours,
Li Ming
介绍信2
语言注意点:
介绍信应措辞礼貌得体，对被介绍人的说明应简洁明了、重点突出。
Directions 20
Write a letter to inform a colleague of a coming visiting scholar in about 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of your letter, using “Li Ming” instead.
Sample:
Dear Anna,
Please allow me to take this opportunity to introduce a visiting scholar, George Martin, from University of California at Berkeley. He will be a member of our Program of AsiaPacific Economy for nine months.
George is an enthusiastic and enterprising scholar. He has done various researches on American and Asian economies for more than ten years. I am sure that his participation will do a lot of help to our recent research.
George will be arriving here on next Friday and he will soon go to visit you after arrival. You can introduce the overall development of our program to him, and then explore the details of cooperation.
Sincerely yours,
Li Ming
申请信1
结构要点:
申请信是向收信人提出某个请求的信件，包含三个部分：
1. 提出请求；
2. 说明原因；
3. 请求回复并表示感谢。
Directions 21
Write a letter to apply for a membership in an organization in about 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of your letter, using “Li Ming” instead.
Sample:
Dear Mr. Peterson,
I am writing to apply for a membership in your musical band. My music teacher, Prof. Huntington, strongly recommended that I attend such a renowned organization, telling me that it would benefit me in many years to come.
I have been loving music ever since I was in elementary school. I learned piano at eight and flute at twelve. I hope I can grow up into a good saxophone player in your team—with so many music lovers around me, I will surely become more creative and enthusiastic.
If my application could be taken into favorable consideration, I would be most grateful. I am looking forward to your early reply.
Best regards.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
申请信2
语言注意点:
申请信开篇应点明主题，语言简练。接着说明做此申请的原因，即自己所具备的申请条件，这一部分需重点明确，论述充分。最后请求回复并表示感谢时，应采用礼貌、诚恳的措辞。
Directions 22
Write a letter to apply for a membership in a program in about 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of your letter, using “Li Ming” instead.
Sample:
Dear Sir,
I have heard that the university will choose 30 students to teach in rural junior high schools for one month. I am very much interested in this program and want to be one of them.
I am a sophomore majoring in English language and literature and I have been a private tutor ever since I finished my College Entrance Examination. I love teaching—whenever I teach, I feel I am making progress together with my students all the time.
Enclosed are my score reports on all relative subjects. I hope that my application will get your favorable consideration.
With best regards.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
便 笺 1
结构要点:
便笺也叫做便条，是一种简便的信函，形式简单，可用于询问、道歉、请假、约会、留言、归还东西等很多事由。
Directions 23
Suppose you and two of your friends have decided to go on a selftour to Hangzhou and you want to invite another friend Cathy to join you. Write a note in about 100 words to her. Do not sign your own name at the end of your letter, using “Li Ming” instead.
Sample:
Dear Cathy,
We have planned a selftour to Hangzhou next Saturday. I wonder if you would like to join us, Sherry, Alice and me.
You know, spring is the season when the scenery around West Lake is the most beautiful and it is very convenient for us to go there for it takes only two hour’s and a half by train or by coach. We are going by the 8∶20 train of Saturday morning and returning on Sunday evening. If you agree to go with us, we plan to book two rooms in the Youth Hostel which cost only 50 yuan a night and from which it’s only 20 minutes’ walk to West Lake.
I’m sure we will have a very good time and find the tour rewarding.
Yours,
Li Ming
便 笺 2
语言注意点:
便笺语言较简单和口语化，但应注意，说明事由时要简洁、清楚，不需过多的套话。
Directions 24
Suppose your mother has come to see you and tonight you will sleep in the room she has booked in a hotel near your university. Write a note in about 100 words to inform your roommate Linda of that. Do not sign your own name at the end of your letter, using “Li Ming” instead.
Sample:
Dear Linda,
I am afraid that I won’t be in our dormitory tonight because my mother has come here to see me and I plan to sleep in the room she has booked in a nearby hotel. I had wanted to tell you that in person but you are not back yet. So I have to leave this note for you.
My mother has brought me several bags of beef jerky that are a special product of my hometown. I’ve left two of them on your desk. Help yourself and I hope you’ll enjoy them.
Besides I have asked our teacher for a day’s leave. So I won’t be present in tomorrow’s class. Would you do me a favor by handing in my history assignment to the teacher? It is on your desk beneath the beef jerky. Thanks.
Take care of yourself.
Yours,
Li Ming
通 知 1
结构要点:
通知的目的是传递信息或分配工作，包含内容、时间和地点。如果是活动，应包含参加的人员范围；如果是讲座或报告，应包含演讲人的简介。
Directions 25
Write a notice in about 100 words to inform the students and English teachers of a lecture on Australian studies.
Sample:
NOTICE
We are very honored to invite Prof. Richard Gilbert from Sydney University to give us a lecture on SinoAustralian relationship in the new millennium. Prof. Gilbert graduated from Australian National University in 1979 and has been teaching Australian studies for more than 20 years. He has become a leading expert in this field and has published several books and numerous papers on such topics as Australian economy, education and foreign policy. His humorous and thoughtprovoking speech will surely benefit all the audience.
The lecture will be given at Yifu Auditorium from 7 to 9 o’clock next Thursday evening. All the teachers and students are welcome to attend this lecture.
English Department
August 27, 2005
通 知 2
语言注意点:
通知必须用简练、准确的语言传递信息。如果包含对演讲人、主要参与人或组织者等的介绍，则语言应大方得体，重点突出，切忌长篇大论。
Directions 26
Write a notice in about 100 words for the Student Union to inform of a speech contest.
Sample:
NOTICE
The Student Union has decided to hold a Chinese speech contest to celebrate the coming National Day. The maximum time of each speaker is eight minutes. We will invite seven experts to serve as judges. Every speaker will be judged from three aspects: script, eloquence, and the reaction of the audience. The results will be announced immediately.
All the participants are required to hand in their request form before September 12. The preliminary contest falls on September 18 in the school library. The final contest will be held on September 30 in the cinema of our university.
The Student Union
Sept. 2, 2005
备忘录1
结构要点:
备忘录是单位内部传递信息的文件，包括抬头和正文，其中抬头包含四个部分：
TO: 收阅者
FROM: 撰写者
SUBJECT: 主题
DATE: 日期
Directions 27
Suppose you are the secretary of the Personnel Department of a company and are organizing a farewell party for a colleague who is going to retire. Write a memo in about 100 words to inform your colleagues of the meeting. Do not use your own name, using “Li Ming” instead.
Sample:
TO: All employees of the Personnel Department
FROM: Li Ming, secretary of the Personnel Department
SUBJECT: Farewell Party for Liu Gang
DATE: Dec. 27, 2005
Our colleague Liu Gang is going to retire next month. His retiring is really a pity to us all as he is such an amiable man who is always ready to help others, such an honest man who has won trust and respect from around him, and such a humorous man who can often add pleasure to our work. We have decided to hold a farewell party for him.
We are going to use the assembly room of our department for the party. I have organized several programs for entertainment, but they are not enough. So if anyone is willing to give performances, please let me know as soon as possible. Besides, our general manager and manager will be present, too.
All the colleagues of the Personnel Department are invited to attend the party which is scheduled on November 4, next Friday and will begin at 7 o’clock in the evening. By the way, all suggestions on the party are welcome.
备忘录2
语言注意点:
备忘录的主要目的是有效、快速地传达信息，应语言简练、层次清楚，易于理解。如有并列信息，可借助项目符号或编号等，使人一目了然。不宜使用华丽的辞藻或复杂的结构来炫耀自己的写作才能。
Directions 28
Write a memo in about 100 words on behalf of the Student Union to call on students to join in the volunteer activities in Xinhua Community.
Sample:
TO: All students of Shanghai University
FROM: Student Union
SUBJECT: Volunteer activities in Xinhua Community
DATE: Sep. 13, 2005
At the beginning of the new term, we plan to organize a series of volunteer activities in Xinhua Community, which is about 200 meters from our university.
The activities are scheduled on September 18, this Sunday and include doing housework for the disabled or old people who live by themselves, teaching English to children, and publicizing knowledge about healthy diet and about preventing common diseases.
We believe it is a good opportunity to show our love and know more about the society. 100 volunteers are needed. If you are willing and have time to take part in the activities, please come to the office of the Student Union on the third floor of the Administrative Building, where we would ask you to sign your name in a table and tell us what activity you are particularly interested in.
简 历 1
结构要点:
简历是个人经历的书面表达形式，应包含个人信息、教育背景和工作经历。有时还可包含事业目标(objective或career objective)、其他经历(activities)、获奖情况(awards)和特长(special skills)等。
Directions 29
Suppose you are going to graduate from the university. Write a resume in about 100 words to apply for a job. Do not use your own name, using “Li Mei” instead.
Sample:
RESUME
Personal Data:
Name:Li Mei
Sex:Female
Address: Room 602, Dormitory Building 12,
Wuhan University
Wuhan, Hubei, 430021
Date of Birth:June 16, 1983
Place of Birth:Zunyi, Guizhou
Telephone:(027) 87273548, 13802347887
Email:angellimei@gmail.com
Hobbies:painting, reading, Internet surfing, dancing
Foreign Languages:English
Objective: To work as a regional sales representative who is responsible for sales activity and coordination
Education:
2002 ~ PresentStudying at Wuhan University
Bachelor of Arts in finance
1999 ~ 2002Studying at Zunyi No. 1 High School
1996 ~ 1999Studying at Zunyi No. 7 Junior High School
Work Experience: None
Special Skills and Technical Qualifications:
I am professionally trained in finance and economics.
In addition to Mandarin, I can speak, write and read English fluently.
I had two parttime jobs in Taiping Company and Zhida Company, which helped me gain some sales operation knowledge and sales planning experience.
简 历 2
语言注意点:
简历忌过长或用词空泛，提供的信息应有用、如实，编排须整齐有系统。
Directions 30
Suppose you are Tan Wen, English teacher at Taiyuan Institute of Technology. Write a resume in about 100 words to apply for a new job in another city.
Sample:
Tan Wen
Taiyuan Institute of Technology
Taiyuan, Shanxi Province
Telephone: (0351) 6523787
Experience
2000 ~ Present
Working as a lecturer of English at Taiyuan Institute of Technology
Teaching undergraduate (nonEnglish majors) intensive reading, extensive reading, listening, writing
Teaching graduate (nonEnglish majors) writing
Education
1997 ~ 2000
Studying at Shanghai Teacher’s University
Master of Arts in American Studies
1993 ~ 1997
Studying at Shanxi University
Bachelor of Arts in English Language and Literature
1990 ~ 1993
Studying at Mianyang Senior High School
1987 ~ 1990
Studying at Mianyang No. 5 Junior High School
Personal Data
Sex: Female
Date of Birth: June 27, 1976
Place of Birth: Mianyang, Sichuan, China
Marital Status: Married, without Child
Health: Excellent
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